Symptoms of endocranial hypertension in infants are: increased head circumference, tense and pulsating anterior fontanel, waning sun sign, vomiting, lethargy, papilledema. In children, on the other hand, headache, vomiting, altered consciousness and papilledema occur.
Laboratory tests to be performed are brain or echocerebral CT scan and EEG. Treatment with head elevation, hyperventilation, diuretics or osmotics, short costeroids, hypothermia and barbiturate coma is required.
Source: Mediserve‘s Medical Emergencies in Pediatrics.
