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Pulmonary emphysema

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Emphysema is a respiratory condition that is part of the clinical picture characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is characterized by a progressive destruction of the lung septa and alveoli (the structures responsible for gas exchange), resulting in entrapment of air in the lungs and the appearance of dyspnea and breathlessness, due to insufficient oxygen supply and failure to eliminate carbon dioxide.

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